What defines taxiways in relation to runways?

Taxiways are essential components of an airport's layout, specifically serving as the pathways that allow aircraft to move to and from runways. They facilitate the safe and efficient movement of aircraft on the ground, connecting the terminal area where aircraft are parked, serviced, and boarded, to the runways used for takeoff and landing. This relationship is crucial because, without designated taxiways, aircraft would not have a safe and organized way to reach the active runways and exit safely after landing.

In contrast to the other choices, taxiways are not designated by red markings, which typically indicate different areas such as holding positions near runways. They are also not restricted to certain areas like the public terminal; taxiways are spread throughout the airport. Lastly, while pedestrian safety is important at airports, taxiways are not reserved for pedestrian traffic; rather, they are dedicated to aircraft movement.