Which term describes a defined surface suitable for landing and takeoff of aircraft?

The term that describes a defined surface suitable for landing and takeoff of aircraft is "runway." A runway is specifically designed to accommodate the weight, speed, and operation of aircraft during those critical phases of flight. It is typically constructed with high-strength materials to withstand the forces exerted during takeoff and landing.

In aviation terminology, a runway is distinct from other surfaces. For example, a taxiway is used for guiding aircraft to and from the runway but does not serve the function of takeoff and landing. A taxilane refers to a designated path for aircraft to move between the taxiway and the ramp areas, further highlighting the different roles of these surfaces. Additionally, SIDA (Security Identification Display Area) relates to security within airport operations rather than the physical infrastructure used for flight. Thus, the distinction of a runway as the designated surface for aircraft operations underscores its importance in airport design and operation.